Body structure and functions
Body structure and functions IntroductionThe human body is a complex system of multiple highly specialized functional units that work together. Cells, tissues, organs and organ systems are included in it’s…
General Principles
Basic medical care should be provided to an ill or injured victim, until more advanced care arrives or the person recovers. It is a life-saving medical technique that a non-medical…
Publications available on bridge
Mandatory Publications -A) Publications for all types of vessels International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, SOLAS, latest edition and edition applicable to vessel. MARPOL Consolidated Edition Convention…
Use of various BA publications on board.
Index1) Admiralty Notices to Mariners2) Mariner’s Handbook (NP 100)3) Catalogue of Admiralty Charts and Publications (NP 131)4) Sailing Directions5) Ship’s Routeing Information6) Ocean passages for the world7) Admiralty List of…
Plane and parallel sailing (without traverse tables) –
Some important definitions: Rhumb line: is a line on the earth’s surface, crossing all meridians at the same angle. It is the most convenient track to follow as the course…
Mercator sailing calculations
Mercator charts have been described in the module for chart projections. Here, we will shortly discuss some principles involved in the construction of the mercator chart and then learn the…
Effects of wind and current on Ship’s position
1) Introduction In this module we will learn about the effect of wind and current on navigation and how to counteract the same. Winds, currents and hence their effects are…
Measuring distances on mercator charts –
To measure the distance between, for example, these two oil rigs in the figure, we will need a set of dividers. It is very important to note that we can…
Chart projections
A navigational chart is a 2-dimensional representation of a 3-dimensional world. And although it results in various distortions, as long as the following two requirements are met we can use…
Finding compass error by transit bearings
When a vessel is navigating in coastal areas, it may be possible to observe two fixed objects, especially landmarks that are directly in line. In such a case, the watch…
Definition of amplitude
The amplitude of a body is the angle at the observer's zenith or the arc of his rational horizon contained between the observer's prime vertical, and the vertical circle through…
Procedure for observing azimuth – Celestial Navigation
Identify a heavenly body whose azimuth you want to take. Ensure that the altitude is not too high or too low (preferably between 20o and 60o Take the compass bearing…